1 Keywords in <title> tag
This is one of the most important places to have a keyword because what is written inside the <title> tag shows in search results as your page title. The title tag must be short (6 or 7 words at most ) and the the keyword must be near the beginning. Google shows 69 Characters (Including Spaces) for Page Title. Google shows 156 Characters (Including Spaces) for Meta Description.
2 Keywords in URL
Keywords in URLs help a lot - e.g. - http://name.com/seo-services.html, where “SEO services” is the keyword phrase you attempt to rank well for. But if you don't have the keywords in other parts of the document, don't rely on having them in the URL.
3 Keyword density in document text
Another very important factor you need to check. 3-7 % for major keywords is best, 1-2 for minor. Keyword density of over 10% is suspicious and looks more like keyword stuffing, than a naturally written text.
4 Keywords in headings (<H1>, <H2>, etc. tags)
One more place where keywords count a lot. But beware that your page has actual text about the particular keyword.
5 URL length
Generally doesn't matter but if it is a very long URL-s, this starts to look spammy, so avoid having more than 10 words in the URL (3 or 4 for the domain name itself and 6 or 7 for the rest of address is acceptable).
6 Google Analytics, Google webmaster tool and Yahoo, Bing Webmaster tool verification.
7 Sitemap
It is great to have a complete and up-to-date sitemap, spiders love it, no matter if it is a plain old HTML sitemap or the special Google sitemap format.
8 robots.txt
User-agent: *
Allow: /
9 Unique content
Having more content (relevant content, which is different from the content on other sites both in wording and topics) is a real boost for your site's rankings.
10 Dynamic URLs
Spiders prefer static URLs, though you will see many dynamic pages on top positions. Long dynamic URLs (over 100 characters) are really bad and in any case you'd better use a tool to rewrite dynamic URLs in something more human- and SEO-friendly.
11 Hyphens in URLs
Hyphens between the words in an URL increase readability and help with SEO rankings. This applies both to hyphens in domain names and in the rest of the URL.
Off page
1 Directory submission
2 Social Book marking
3 Article submission
4 Forum posting
5 Classified post
6 Blog commenting
7 Blog post
8 Rss feed directory submission
9 Social bookmarking for article
10 Social networking (face book, twitter, MySpace, LinkedIn)
11 Link exchange
Paid
PPC (pay per click)
Google ad sense
Display ad
Local classified